Ingaruka ku bidukikije ku bicuruzwa dukoresha buri munsi birenze kure cyane gutunganya ibicuruzwa.Ibiranga isi yose izi inshingano zazo zo kuzamura iterambere rirambye mubyiciro bitandatu byingenzi mubuzima bwibicuruzwa.
Iyo ujugunye cyane icupa rya pulasitike ryakoreshejwe mumyanda, ushobora gutekereza ko bigiye kujya mubikorwa bikomeye byo kubungabunga ibidukikije aho bizongera gukoreshwa mubintu bishya - igice cyimyenda, igice cyimodoka, igikapu, cyangwa ndetse n'icupa...Ariko mugihe ishobora kuba ifite intangiriro nshya, gutunganya ntabwo ari intangiriro yurugendo rwibidukikije.Hafi yacyo, buri mwanya mubuzima bwibicuruzwa bigira ingaruka kubidukikije ibicuruzwa byashinzwe bifuza kubara, kugabanya no kugabanya.Inzira rusange yo kugera kuri izi ntego ni ugusuzuma ubuzima (LCA), ni isesengura ryigenga ry’ingaruka ku bidukikije ku bicuruzwa mu buzima bwarwo, akenshi bigabanywa muri ibi byiciro bitandatu byingenzi.
Ibicuruzwa byose, kuva amasabune kugeza sofa, bitangirana nibikoresho fatizo.Ibi birashobora kuba amabuye y'agaciro yakuwe ku isi, ibihingwa bihingwa mu mirima, ibiti byaciwe mu mashyamba, imyuka ikurwa mu kirere, cyangwa inyamaswa zifatwa, zororerwa cyangwa zihigwa ku mpamvu runaka.Kubona ibyo bikoresho fatizo bizana ibiciro by ibidukikije: umutungo muke nkamabuye cyangwa amavuta arashobora kugabanuka, aho gutura harangirika, sisitemu yamazi irahinduka, nubutaka bwangiritse kuburyo budasubirwaho.Byongeye kandi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro butera umwanda kandi bugira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry'ikirere.Ubuhinzi nimwe mu masoko manini y’ibikoresho fatizo kandi ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isi bikorana n’abatanga ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bikoreshe uburyo burambye burinda ubutaka bw’agaciro n’ibinyabuzima byaho.Muri Mexico, ikirango cyo kwisiga ku isi Garnier gihugura abahinzi bakora amavuta ya aloe vera, bityo uruganda rukoresha imyitozo ngororamubiri ituma ubutaka bugira ubuzima bwiza kandi bukoresha kuhira imyaka kugirango bigabanye ibibazo by’amazi.Garnier kandi ifasha mu gukangurira abaturage muri aya mashyamba ibijyanye n’amashyamba, afasha kugenzura ikirere cyaho ndetse n’isi yose, n’iterabwoba bahura nabyo.
Ibikoresho hafi ya byose bitunganywa mbere yumusaruro.Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu nganda cyangwa ibimera hafi y’aho byabonetse, ariko ingaruka z’ibidukikije zishobora kwaguka cyane.Gutunganya ibyuma namabuye y'agaciro birashobora kurekura ibintu bito, microscopique solide cyangwa fluide ntoya bihagije kugirango ihumeke kandi ihumeke, bitera ibibazo byubuzima.Nyamara, inganda zitose zo mu nganda zungurura ibintu bitanga ibisubizo bihendutse, cyane cyane iyo ibigo bihanishwa amande menshi y’umwanda.Gukora plastiki nshya yibanze yo kubyara nabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubidukikije: 4% byumusaruro wamavuta kwisi ukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byo kubyaza umusaruro, naho 4% bikoreshwa mugutunganya ingufu.Garnier yiyemeje gusimbuza plastiki yisugi na plastiki itunganijwe neza nibindi bikoresho, kugabanya umusaruro kuri toni zigera ku 40.000 za plastiki yisugi buri mwaka.
Igicuruzwa gikunze guhuza ibikoresho byinshi bibisi byo hirya no hino ku isi, bigakora ikirenge cya karuboni na mbere yuko gitangwa.Umusaruro ukubiyemo kurekura impanuka (kandi rimwe na rimwe nkana) gusohora imyanda mu nzuzi cyangwa mu kirere, harimo karuboni ya dioxyde na metani, bigira uruhare runini mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere.Ibiranga inshingano ku isi birashyira mu bikorwa uburyo bukomeye bwo kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho umwanda, harimo kuyungurura, kuyikuramo ndetse, aho bishoboka, gutunganya imyanda - dioxyde de carbone irangiye irashobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga lisansi cyangwa ibiryo.Kuberako umusaruro usaba imbaraga nyinshi namazi menshi, ibirango nka Garnier birashaka gushyira mubikorwa sisitemu yicyatsi.Usibye kuba intego yo kutagira aho ibogamiye 100% muri 2025, inganda z’inganda za Garnier zikoreshwa n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu ndetse n’ikigo cyabo 'cy’umuzunguruko w’amazi' kivura kandi kigatunganya buri gitonyanga cy’amazi gikoreshwa mu gusukura no gukonjesha, bityo bikavana ibihugu ibicuruzwa bimaze kuremerwa nka Mexico.
Iyo ibicuruzwa byakozwe, bigomba kugera kubaguzi.Ibi akenshi bifitanye isano no gutwika ibicanwa biva mu kirere, bigira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere no kurekura imyuka ihumanya ikirere.Amato manini atwara imizigo itwara hafi ya yose imizigo yambukiranya imipaka ku isi ikoresha lisansi yo mu rwego rwo hasi hamwe na sulferi yikubye inshuro 2000 kuruta lisansi isanzwe;muri Amerika, amakamyo aremereye (romoruki yimodoka) na bisi bingana na 20% byonyine byangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere.Igishimishije, gutanga biragenda bimera neza, cyane cyane hamwe no guhuza gari ya moshi zitwara imizigo ikoresha ingufu zogutwara intera ndende hamwe n’ibinyabiziga bivangavanze kubirometero byanyuma.Ibicuruzwa nugupakira birashobora kandi gutegurwa kubitangwa birambye.Garnier yongeye gutekereza kuri shampoo, yimuka ku nkoni y’amazi yerekeza ku nkoni ikomeye idakuraho gusa ibikoresho byo gupakira, ahubwo inoroshye kandi yoroheje, bigatuma itangwa rirambye.
Ndetse na nyuma yuko igicuruzwa kiguzwe, kiracyafite ingaruka kubidukikije ibirango byisi byisi bigerageza kugabanya no muburyo bwo gushushanya.Imodoka ikoresha amavuta na lisansi mubuzima bwayo bwose, ariko igishushanyo mbonera - kuva mu kirere kugeza kuri moteri - birashobora kugabanya gukoresha lisansi n’umwanda.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, hashobora gushyirwaho ingufu kugirango hagabanuke ingaruka z’ibidukikije zo gusana nko kubaka ibicuruzwa kugirango bimare igihe kirekire.Ndetse ikintu kimwe cya buri munsi nkimyenda igira ingaruka kubidukikije ibicuruzwa bishinzwe bifuza kugabanya.Ibicuruzwa bya Garnier ntabwo byangiza kandi byangiza ibidukikije gusa, isosiyete yateje imbere ikoranabuhanga ryihuse ryogabanya igihe bifata cyo kwoza ibicuruzwa, ntabwo bigabanya gusa amazi akenewe, ahubwo binagabanya ingufu zikoreshwa mugukaraba .shyushya ibiryo hanyuma wongeremo amazi.
Mubisanzwe, iyo turangije gukora kubicuruzwa, dutangira gutekereza ku ngaruka zabyo ku bidukikije - uburyo bwo kwemeza imyifatire myiza kuri yo.Akenshi ibi bivuze gutunganya, aho ibicuruzwa bigabanijwemo ibikoresho fatizo bishobora kongera gukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bishya.Nyamara, ibicuruzwa byinshi kandi byinshi birategurwa kugirango byoroshe gutunganya, kuva mubipfunyika ibiryo kugeza mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Akenshi nuburyo bwiza "iherezo ryubuzima" kuruta gutwika cyangwa kumena imyanda, bishobora guta kandi byangiza ibidukikije.Ariko gutunganya ibintu ntabwo aribwo buryo bwonyine.Igihe cyibicuruzwa gishobora kongerwa gusa mugukoresha gusa: ibi birashobora kubamo gusana ibikoresho byacitse, gutunganya ibikoresho bishaje, cyangwa kuzuza gusa amacupa ya plastike yakoreshejwe.Mu kwerekeza ku bikoresho byinshi bishobora kwangirika kandi bigakora ku bukungu buzenguruka kuri plastiki, Garnier ikoresha byinshi mu bicuruzwa byayo nk'ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije ku macupa yuzuye, bikagabanya cyane ingaruka ku bidukikije.
LCAs irashobora kuba ndende kandi ihenze, ariko ibirango bishinzwe birabashora imari kugirango ibicuruzwa byabo birambye.Kumenya inshingano zabo kuri buri cyiciro cyibicuruzwa byubuzima, ibirango byisi byisi nka Garnier birimo gukora kugirango ejo hazaza harambye aho tugenda twumva ibidukikije.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-03-2023